Angular, Spring Boot: JWT Authentication with Spring Security example

Flow for User Registration and User Login

The diagram shows flow for User Registration process and User Login process.

spring-boot-authentication-jwt-spring-security-flow

I think it’s not too difficult to understand. We have 2 endpoints for authentication:

• api/auth/signup for User Registration

• api/auth/signin for User Login

If Client wants to send request to protected data/endpoints, a legal JWT must be added to HTTP Authorization Header.

Spring Boot & Spring Security for Back-end

Overview

Our Spring Boot Application can be summarized in the diagram below:

spring-boot-authentication-spring-security-architecture

Let me explain it.

Spring Security

– WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter is the crux of our security implementation. It provides HttpSecurity configurations to configure cors, csrf, session management, rules for protected resources. We can also extend and customize the default configuration that contains the elements below.

– UserDetailsService interface has a method to load User by username and returns a UserDetails object that Spring Security can use for authentication and validation.

– UserDetails contains necessary information (such as: username, password, authorities) to build an Authentication object.

– UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken gets {username, password} from login Request, AuthenticationManager will use it to authenticate a login account.

– AuthenticationManager has a DaoAuthenticationProvider (with help of UserDetailsService & PasswordEncoder) to validate UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken object. If successful, AuthenticationManager returns a fully populated Authentication object (including granted authorities).

– OncePerRequestFilter makes a single execution for each request to our API. It provides a doFilterInternal() method that we will implement parsing & validating JWT, loading User details (using UserDetailsService), checking Authorizaion (using UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken).

– AuthenticationEntryPoint will catch unauthorized error and return a 401 when Clients access protected resources without authentication.

Repository contains UserRepository & RoleRepository to work with Database, will be imported into Controller.

Controller receives and handles request after it was filtered by OncePerRequestFilter.

– AuthController handles signup/login requests

– TestController has accessing protected resource methods with role based validations.

Technology

To implement the server with concept above, we will use: – Java 8 – Spring Boot 2.1.8.RELEASE (with Spring Security, Spring Web, Spring Data) – jjwt 0.9.1 – PostgreSQL/MySQL – Maven 3.6.1

Project Structure

The structure of Spring Boot back-end project is pretty complicated:

spring-boot-authentication-spring-security-project-structure

You can see that there are 5 packages:

security: we configure Spring Security & implement Security Objects here.

• WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter

• UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService

• UserDetailsImpl implements UserDetails

• AuthEntryPointJwt implements AuthenticationEntryPoint

• AuthTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter

• JwtUtils provides methods for generating, parsing, validating JWT

controllers handle signup/login requests & authorized requests.

• AuthController: @PostMapping(‘/signin’), @PostMapping(‘/signup’)

• TestController: @GetMapping(‘/api/test/all’), @GetMapping(‘/api/test/[role]’)

repository has intefaces that extend Spring Data JPA JpaRepository to interact with Database.

• UserRepository extends JpaRepository

• RoleRepository extends JpaRepository

models defines two main models for Authentication (User) & Authorization (Role). They have many-to-many relationship.

• User: id, username, email, password, roles

• Role: id, name

payload defines classes for Request and Response objects

We also have application.properties for configuring Spring Datasource, Spring Data JPA and App properties (such as JWT Secret string or Token expiration time).

Implementation

You can find step by step to implement this Spring Boot – Spring Security App in the post: Secure Spring Boot App with Spring Security & JWT Authentication

Angular 8 for Front-end

Overview

Our Angular 8 App can be summarized in component diagram below:

angular-8-jwt-authentication-overview

Let’s try to understand it right now.

– The App component is a container using Router. It gets user token & user information from Browser Session Storage via token-storage.service. Then the navbar now can display based on the user login state & roles.

– Login & Register components have form for submission data (with support of Form Validation). They use token-storage.service for checking state and auth.service for sending signin/signup requests.

– auth.service uses Angular HttpClient ($http service) to make authentication requests. – every HTTP request by $http service will be inspected and transformed before being sent by auth-interceptor.

– Home component is public for all visitor.

– Profile component get user data from Session Storage.

– BoardUser, BoardModerator, BoardAdmin components will be displayed depending on roles from Session Storage. In these components, we use user.service to get protected resources from API.

Technology

– Angular 8 – RxJS 6

Project Structure

This is the folder structure of our Angular front-end project:

angular-8-jwt-authentication-project-structure

You can understand it properly without any explanation because we’ve looked at the overview before.

Implementation

You can find step by step to implement this Angular 8 App in the post: Angular 8 JWT Authentication with HttpInterceptor and Router

Further Reading

Angular 8 + Spring Boot: File upload example - BezKoderBezKoder